Aquatic insects of the central North Island

Aquatic insects of the central North Island
D. R. Cowley

ABSTRACT
An account is given of the streams of the central North Island and the invertebrate fauna they contain.

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TROPHIC RELATIONS OF AQUATIC INSECTS

TROPHIC RELATIONS OF AQUATIC INSECTS
KENNETH W. CUMMINS

INTRODUCTION
One of the most ubiquitous features of freshwater habitats is their present rate of change in response to man-engendered perturbations. Any rehabilitative or management strategy characterized by a high probability for success must rely on fundamental knowledge of the intricacies of freshwater ecosystem
structure and function. A basic facet of this structure and function is material cycling and energy flow. In turn, a significant portion of such cycling and flow involves the processing of various forms of organic matter by
freshwater invertebrate animals, especially insects. This constitutes a basis for interest in aquatic insect trophic relations-food intake, tissue assimilation, and waste release-with implications ranging from theoretical questions, such as the efficiency of energy transfer, to very specific practical problems: for example, population control of "pest" species represented either by the food or the feeder. As Bates (2) put it, trophic relationships constitute the "cement" holding biological communities together.

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Aquatic Insects as Biological Monitors of Heavy Metal Pollution

Aquatic Insects as Biological Monitors of Heavy Metal Pollution
R. Barry Nehring

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The Mayflies (Ephemeroptera), Stoneflies (Plecoptera), and Caddisflies (Trichoptera) of the Adirondack Park (New York State).

The Mayflies (Ephemeroptera), Stoneflies (Plecoptera), and Caddisflies (Trichoptera) of the Adirondack Park (New York State).

L. W. MYERS, B. C. KONDRATIEFF, T. B. MIHUC and D. E. RUITER

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bxe0ko6tYQawVkhqcDlEZFdWY3M/view?usp=sharing

Relationship between aquatic insects and heavy metals in an urban stream using multivariate techniques

Relationship between aquatic insects and heavy metals in an urban stream using multivariate techniques
S. Girgin; N. Kazancı; M. Dügel

ABSTRACT: In the study, the relationship between some aquatic insect species (Ephemeroptera,  Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata) and some heavy metals (cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, nickel, iron and manganese) and boron were assessed using data obtained from the Ankara Stream, which flows through Ankara, the capital city of Turkey and receives high organic and industrial wastes. Sampling was carried out monthly along the Ankara Stream in 1991. environmental data were used to explain biological variation using multivariate techniques provided by the program canonical correspondence analysis ordination. The  ordination method canonical correspondence analysis was applied to evaluate the relationships between environmental variables and distribution of aquatic insect larvae. Data sets were classified by two way indicator species analysis. In this study, aquatic insecta communities have been shown by canonical correspondence analysis ordination as related to total hardness, pH, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, nickel,
iron, manganese and boron. Cadmium, lead, copper and boron exceeded limits of the United States Environmental Protection Agency criteria for aquatic life. Trichopteran, Dinarthrum iranicum was an indicator of two way indicator species analysis and was placed close to the arrow representing copper. Odonate, Aeschna juncea was an indicator of two way indicator species analysis in site 10 and was placed close to the arrows representing manganese, lead, and nickel. Trichopteran, Cheumatopsyche lepida and odonate, Platycnemis pennipes were indicators of two way indicator species analysis for sites 6, 7, 11, 14, 15, 18 and were placed close to the arrows representing cadmium, boron, iron and total hardness.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bxe0ko6tYQawYTdlR0xIZTJiRjg/view?usp=sharing