DIVERSIDAD DE ODONATA (INSECTA) EN LA RESERVA NATURAL CABILDO-VERDE (SABANA DE TORRES-SANTANDER, COLOMBIA), UNA APROXIMACIÓN HACIA LA CONSERVACIÓN
Dragonfly diversity (Insecta) in the natural reserve Cabildo-Verde (Sabana de torres-Santander, Colombia), an conservation approach
CAROLINA GARZÓN SANABRIA & EMILIO REALPE
RESUMEN
Se determinó la diversidad de Odonata (Insecta) en seis estaciones de muestreo en el municipio de Sabana de Torres-Santander, Colombia. Cuatro estaciones fueron ubicadas dentro de la reserva Natural Cabildo Verde localizada en la vertiente occidental de la cordillera Oriental, en el valle medio del Río Magdalena y dos fuera de ella. Se analizaron variaciones en cuanto a composición de especies por medio de un análisis de distancia euclidiana. Se registraron 245 individuos en estado adulto distribuidos en siete familias, 22 géneros y 39 especies para el municipio de Sabana de Torres. Se registran 33 especies para la Reserva Natural Cabildo Verde, presentando la mayor abundancia aquellas que pertenecen al suborden zygoptera, lo cual puede atribuirse principalmente a la gran cobertura vegetal presente en la zona de estudio. El índice de equidad Shannon-Weaver para la reserva natural fue de H`= 2.972 y fuera de la reserva H`= 2.645, valores relativamente altos en comparación con otros estudios. Los resultados de la prueba de chi cuadrado arrojaron que no existen diferencias signifi cativas en cuanto a número de especies dentro y fuera de la reserva (X²= 1.51, Gl=1, p>0.05); sin embargo, la composición de odonatos dentro de la reserva está dada principalmente por especies estenotopicas, especialmente aquellas que pertenecen a las familias Protoneuridae y Perilestidae las cuales fueron consideradas en este trabajo, especies residentes de la zona, dada su abundancia y quienes se caracterizan por habitar quebradas que exhiben gran cobertura vegetal en bosques primarios y secundarios respectivamente.
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Relationship between aquatic insects and heavy metals in an urban stream using multivariate techniques
Relationship between aquatic insects and heavy metals in an urban stream using multivariate techniques
S. Girgin; N. Kazancı; M. Dügel
ABSTRACT: In the study, the relationship between some aquatic insect species (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata) and some heavy metals (cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, nickel, iron and manganese) and boron were assessed using data obtained from the Ankara Stream, which flows through Ankara, the capital city of Turkey and receives high organic and industrial wastes. Sampling was carried out monthly along the Ankara Stream in 1991. environmental data were used to explain biological variation using multivariate techniques provided by the program canonical correspondence analysis ordination. The ordination method canonical correspondence analysis was applied to evaluate the relationships between environmental variables and distribution of aquatic insect larvae. Data sets were classified by two way indicator species analysis. In this study, aquatic insecta communities have been shown by canonical correspondence analysis ordination as related to total hardness, pH, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, nickel,
iron, manganese and boron. Cadmium, lead, copper and boron exceeded limits of the United States Environmental Protection Agency criteria for aquatic life. Trichopteran, Dinarthrum iranicum was an indicator of two way indicator species analysis and was placed close to the arrow representing copper. Odonate, Aeschna juncea was an indicator of two way indicator species analysis in site 10 and was placed close to the arrows representing manganese, lead, and nickel. Trichopteran, Cheumatopsyche lepida and odonate, Platycnemis pennipes were indicators of two way indicator species analysis for sites 6, 7, 11, 14, 15, 18 and were placed close to the arrows representing cadmium, boron, iron and total hardness.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bxe0ko6tYQawYTdlR0xIZTJiRjg/view?usp=sharing
S. Girgin; N. Kazancı; M. Dügel
ABSTRACT: In the study, the relationship between some aquatic insect species (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata) and some heavy metals (cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, nickel, iron and manganese) and boron were assessed using data obtained from the Ankara Stream, which flows through Ankara, the capital city of Turkey and receives high organic and industrial wastes. Sampling was carried out monthly along the Ankara Stream in 1991. environmental data were used to explain biological variation using multivariate techniques provided by the program canonical correspondence analysis ordination. The ordination method canonical correspondence analysis was applied to evaluate the relationships between environmental variables and distribution of aquatic insect larvae. Data sets were classified by two way indicator species analysis. In this study, aquatic insecta communities have been shown by canonical correspondence analysis ordination as related to total hardness, pH, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, nickel,
iron, manganese and boron. Cadmium, lead, copper and boron exceeded limits of the United States Environmental Protection Agency criteria for aquatic life. Trichopteran, Dinarthrum iranicum was an indicator of two way indicator species analysis and was placed close to the arrow representing copper. Odonate, Aeschna juncea was an indicator of two way indicator species analysis in site 10 and was placed close to the arrows representing manganese, lead, and nickel. Trichopteran, Cheumatopsyche lepida and odonate, Platycnemis pennipes were indicators of two way indicator species analysis for sites 6, 7, 11, 14, 15, 18 and were placed close to the arrows representing cadmium, boron, iron and total hardness.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bxe0ko6tYQawYTdlR0xIZTJiRjg/view?usp=sharing
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